In plant communities, interactions between individuals of different species are expected to generate positive or negative spatial interspecific associations over short distances. Uncovering the roles of biotic interactions in assembling and maintaining species‐rich communities remains a major challenge in ecology. Large trees had also a significant effect in moderating land surface temperature and this effect was higher than the one of vegetation density on temperature. Tree size was more important predictor than density in survival and this has implications for nature-based solutions: maintaining large tree individuals or planting species that can become large-sized can safeguard against tree-less areas by promoting survival at long time periods through harsh environmental conditions. However, small sized trees were always facilitated by increased densities, while large sized trees had either negative or no density effects. Overall, within the optimal data-driven spatial scale, tree survival was best explained by the interaction between density and year, sifting overall from facilitation to competition through time. Results indicated that in space both facilitation and competition co-exist in the same ecosystem and the sign and magnitude of this depend on the spatial scale. Land surface temperature and soil moisture were also statistically explained by tree size, density, and time. Sequentially, tree survival was quantified as a function of the size of the individual, vegetation density, and time at the optimal spatial interaction scale. Information theoretic analysis of multiple statistical models was employed in order to quantify the best data-driven index of vegetation density and spatial scale of interactions. Data-driven analysis in the absence of hypothesis was performed. A large number of tree individuals coupled with soil moisture, temperature, and water stress data across a long temporal period were followed. Ecological facilitation, the positive effect of density of individuals on the individual’s survival across a stress gradient, is a complex phenomenon. Spatio-temporal data are more ubiquitous and richer than even before and the availability of such data poses great challenges in data analytics. prismatica in AMF areas subject to Faxinal systems. The results provide a better understanding of the ecological behavior of species associated with C. prismatica occurred with greater intensity in trees with DBH ≤ 25 cm. According to the competition rates denoted by the indices of basal area (BAL), Glover and Hool (IGH) and Hegyi, competition of C. The Shannon (H') and Simpson (C) indices of the associated species were 2.54 nats.ind-1 and 0.14 nats.ind-1, respectively. prismatica, Casearia oblique, Casearia sylvestris, Cinnamodendron dinisii (30. Two hundred ten trees were observed, divided into 16 botanical families, 23 genera and 29 species, with the most associated species being: C. ![]() A survey of 35 sample units was carried out using the Prodan method, classifying them as initial (pioneer and early secondary) and late (old secondary and climax). prismatica in an Araucaria mixed forest area exploited in the Faxinal system. The objective of this study was to describe the floristic aspects, diversity, competition and diametric transition of the species associated with C. Curitiba prismatica, belonging to the family Myrtaceae, is an endemic species of Araucaria mixed forest (AMF) areas whose leaf essential oils have pharmaceutical properties. ![]() Legrand) Salywon & Landrum in a Faxinal system. Species associated with Curitiba prismatica (D.
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